An Ode to 'PALTAN' : Dutta revisits the Indian Bravado which foiled the Chinese Intrusion at Nathu-La Border

China Border July 2018

Paltan, is the latest magnum of War Trilogy movies of JP Dutta after Border and LOC. It is based on the lesser-known skirmishes of 1967 between India and China. As expected, this JP Dutta film also exhibits High-Voltage patriotism. Even if we skip its decibels, the film portrays a real picture of the Indian Army when the odds were heavily stacked against them. it also presents the situation we would have confronted in wake of fall of Sikkim in 1967. 

J P Dutta's Paltan is inspired by Nathu La and Cho La skirmishes.Tensions were simmering between India and China in the aftermath of the 1962 war. India had also to face the wrath of a new war waged at its western border with Pakistan in 1965.

Meanwhile, Beijing was pressurizing New Delhi to vacate the strategically-important Nathu La pas on the Tibet-Sikkim border. China was irked over the fact that Sikkim was under India’s protection. China never accepted the McMohan Line drawn by British as the India China border and viewed Sikkim as an extension of southern Tibet which meant that Sikkim was an integral part of China.

Frustrated with the constant harassment by Chinese, India laid down a permanent fence dividing the Indian and Chinese border to stop the recurring clashes between forces of both countries over where exactly the border line is. the fencing on the Indian side rattles the Chinese as it could jeopardize the  plan of capturing Sikkim. With no other option in hand, the Chinese forces open fire and a war breaks out between the two countries.

What happens next forms the rest of the film.However, Major General Sagar Singh, of 17, Mountain Division refused to give up Nathu La. The fact that, he had the support of the then Eastern Army Commander Sam Manekshaw and Corps Commander Jagjit Singh Aurora, helped him.Maj. Gen. Sagat Singh appointed Lt. Col. Rai Singh Yadav as the in charge of Nathu La. Rai had undergone training in London and was well versed with Chinese tactics.

Diplomatic threats and border provocations eventually led to a face-off between Indian and Chinese army in September 1967. On September 11, a sudden blaze of Chinese artillery, mortar and recoil-less gunfire struck soldiers of the 70 Field Regiment and 18 Rajput as they were executing their task of setting up a wired fence demarcating the border from Nathu La to Sebu La, an observation post located on higher ground a kilometre away and offered a view of Chinese side.The fact that Chinese were firing from higher ground further complicated the matters as Indian soldiers were exposed on an open landscape.According to Defence records, around 70 Indian personnel lost their lives in the initial Chinese onslaught.

The Indian response took the Chinese by surprise. The precision of artillery struck enemy posts and inflicted serious toll on the Chinese army. Over 300 Chinese succumbed by the Indian onslaught. Chinese, having evil designs in backdrop, called for truce to which India obilzed.

Licking the salt of its wounds, China resorted to yet another assault within a fortnight. Point 15450 at Cho La, located a few kilometres north of Nathu La, had a contentious 30 metre high boulder right in the middle of the narrow pass. The 7/11 Gorkha regiment replaced the 10 JAK Rifles at Cho La, a day before things spiralled out of Chinese control.Four platoons drawn from two companies – one led by Second Lieutenant MS Samuel and the other by Lieutenant RS Rathore – took positions in and around Point 15450.

Amidst this situation,  7/11 GR Battalion CO Major KB Joshi, CO 7/1 Battalion, en route to Rai Gap, east of Point 15450 noticed Chinese troops encircling the sentry post where Naib Subedar Limbu was squaring off against the rival company commander and the political commissar. Major Joshi immediately reached out to Lt Rathore to inform him of what he had seen. Nevertheless, Chinese by then had escalated matters to the point of armed confrontation. 

Both sides engaged in close range firing. Lance commander Naik Krishna Bahadur led the charge, closely followed behind by Naib Subedar Limbu who took on the enemy in close combat battle. Both charged at the enemy with their Khukris once their ammunition ran out, but fell to machine gun fire. Lt Rathore engaged the Chinese despite being hit on his left arm. Major Joshi took charge of the shelling after his master gunner was incapacitated by enemy mortar. The counter offensive left the Chinese with no option but to beat a retreat. 

The enemy had concentrated its firepower on Tamze mortar position and at Rai Gap where the forward base was manned by the 10 JAK Rifles. Even though the JAK Rifles suffered major casualties they didn’t let their post fall in enemy hands. They were backed up by Medium Machine Gun fire from adjoining Point 15181. Also under attack were the posts at Cho La and south west of it, at Twin Huts.Aided by Recoil-less and Heavy Machine Gun fire, Indian troops not just prevented the Chinese from advancing but managed to pull back troops from Point 15450. The post was recaptured the following day after the Chinese were outflanked from three sides. Skirmishes continued for over ten days following which the Chinese army was forced to step back three km within their territory.

India settled an old score to an extent. The nation honored its new heroes, celebrated their bravado. In 1975, Sikkim not only ceased to be a protectorate, but also became an integral part of the Indian union. Nearly three decades later, China officially recognised Sikkim.

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Ongoing Rupee rout : Double whammy for Investors and NRI's

The relentless depreciation of Rupee against the US dollar could prove to be a double whammy for the Small investors and the Non-Resident Indians (NRIs).                                                                                                                                                          Government measures like scrapping of withholding tax on masala bonds, relaxation in overseas debt regime to name a few has failed to arrest the fall in the rupee. It is speculated that macroeconomic triggers and global cues will weaken the currency further.                                                                                                                                                      The government and the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), are bereft with ammunition to fortify  rupee to find its own level. Thus, volatility is expected to continue unabated with apprehensions of dipping to new lows.

The situation has arose on the account of the widening Current Account Deficit (CAD) triggered by the steep rise in crude oil price, trade war between the US and China, all external factors rather than internal, even though the Indian economy clocked a GDP growth of 8.2% in the past quarter.

New deposit scheme for foreign investors

Experts opine that the weakness in the rupee is having a bearing on the investment behaviour of the NRIs and their fund managers as their investment scopes are getting wider. They are waiting in the wings for the government to announce a new deposit scheme to increase foreign investment inflows to check the slump in rupee value.

Government is betting on a sizable flow from Foreign Portfolio Investors (FPIs), who already own securities worth $425bn in Indian equities. Out of this, NRIs have invested about $75bn through India-focused funds.

There were speculations that the FPIs would take an outward route following move on regulation for disclosure on ownership. But, Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) intervened and allowed more time to arrest the exodus of capital.

P.K. Sajithkumar, Chief Executive of a Dubai-based financial service and advisory firm (IBMC), views it as an opportunity for FPIs to strengthen their portfolios, taking advantage of the Rupee rout. “FPIs who entered the market when exchange rate was hovering around Rs 67 per dollar or earlier, should remain invested. For new entrants, it will be an Golden opportunity to leverage the fall, which is expected to go deeper.”

The rupee slump against dollar has also a lot to offer for the retail investors in the Indian stock market. Mukund Cherrusserry, Director, TrendRiser Securities, was of the opinion that this is the time for cherry-picking in Indian stocks. Stock prices are expected to decline further on account of the economic woes of the country where inflation rate will spiral and interest rates will scale up with corporates facing the heat of increased cost of funds, he said.

Time for SIPs

Investment in the Indian market through systematic investment plans (SIPs) could also prove to be a masterstroke. A cash crunch is in the offing which would result in a bearish trend, offering a window to enter the market at lower levels benefiting the SIP investors.”

With the Indian economy under severe pressure on the trade and fiscal deficit fronts, the central bank will be left with no other option but to increase interest rates.

Banks would be forced to hike interest on NRE (non-resident external) and FCNR (foreign currency non repatriable) deposit rates. Returns from NRE and FCNR deposits are fully repatriable and FCNR account allows the depositor to keep his money in foreign currency itself, saving on the exchange cost.

The Indian Real Estate has another opportunity to cash in on the account of Rupee slide. The realty market outlook is rosy in view of the decline in property prices following the recent policy changes, implementation of GST (Goods and Services tax) and Demonetization. Prices are at attractive levels in most cities across the country and there has been resurgence in sentiment.

Border talks fail to break the ice

VINEET TRIPATHI
Last updated on December 1, 2010


The 14th round of high-level Sino-Indian diplomatic talks to resolve the Himalayan border issue ended in Beijing on November 30 with a joint pledge to "seek a fair and reasonable solution acceptable to both sides."
China’s Foreign Ministry spokesman Hong Lei said that his country was “committed to resolving the border question through frank consultations with India. It is willing to make joint efforts with India to maintain peace and stability on the border.”

The talks, held in Beijing during Nov 29-3 were focused on finding a framework for a final settlement of disputed areas in the western and eastern sections of the border. The meeting was attended by Chinese State Councilor Dai Bingguo and the Indian National Security Adviser and special representative on border talks, Shiv Shankar Menon.
China’s official newspaper Global Times said that the Chinese government’s position was that both countries “will take into consideration each other’s concerns, and work toward an equitable and justified settlement of border issues that is acceptable to both sides.” However, it quoted Zhao Gancheng, a leading Chinese strategist, as saying that “Indian activities near the border” and “remarks made by senior Indian officials who played up the China threat” had “harmed the chances” of reaching a quick resolution.
On the other hand, The Hindu on November 30 cited Indian officials as saying in an online report that a hardening of China’s claims on Arunachal Pradesh meant the talks were likely to remain long drawn-out. Last year, China had voiced strong opposition to the Indian Prime Minister’s visit to the State. Nevertheless, Outlook in its e-issue of Nov 30 cited Menon, who held three rounds of talks with his Chinese counterpart, as saying that steady progress was being made with discussions focused on working out a framework to resolve the border dispute. It said Menon and Dai discussed the whole gamut of issues bedeviling the two countries, including the resumption of defense exchanges put on hold by India following denial of visa to a top Indian millitary official, B S Jaswal.
These talks had assumed a great degree of importance as they took place ahead of Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao’s visit to India starting December10. China’s recent activities on the eastern (Arunachal) border were expected to fuel a strong stand from the Indian delegate. The construction of a dozen dams on the Brahmaputra River by the Chinese, including the world’s largest dam in the Nyngtri perfecture just near the The Great Bend, where the Brahmputra enters India and its plan to divert its water to the North-eastern cities had created great mistrust and suspicion on the Indian side.
Also China’s plan to create a rail link till Nyngtri near the Arunachal border had raised Indian eyebrows. The two sides discussed unresolved disagreements including Chinese stapled visas to resident of Kashmir, India’s suspension of high-level defense exchanges and the Chinese footprint in infrastructure projects being implemented in Pakistan-occupied Kashmir.
China occupies part of Jammu and Kashmir region ceded to it by Pakistan. Besides, India alleges that China illegally occupies 43,000 square kilometers of land in Kashmir. China refuses to accept the McMohan line as the Sino-Indian border and lays claim to the whole of Arunachal Pradesh on the ground that it was once part of Tibet.

Shooters off-Target in Guangzhou

VINEET TRIPATHI
Last updated on November 28, 2010 20:00IST

The disappointing show by the Indian shooters at the recently concluded Asian games in Guangzhou has left every ardent Indian supporter shell-shocked. The Indian Shooting Federation is busy finding reasons for the poor showing in an event in which we are supposed to be a force to reckon with on the world stage.
As it usually happens, somebody had to take the responsibility. The chief coach of the Shooting Federation, Sunny Thomas, who had been the chief coach for the past seventeen years, took the moral responsibility and resigned. But the reasons he gave for the below par performances of the shooters did not amuse many. According to him, the Indians were not used to the windy conditions prevalent in the shooting range. Another reason for shooters not performing up to the mark was that they were using new rifles. So they lacked practice before a big tournament with their weapons.
But to find the precise reasons we have to analyze the situation. After the recently concluded Commonwealth Games in which India topped the tally in shooting with 14 gold medals, what went so seriously wrong with Indian shooters? This may be a baffling question for many. But to those who had kept an eye on Indian shooters, their performances and problems for the last few years, this would not be a surprise for them.
When Abhinav Bindra won a gold medal in the Beijing Olympics, he had accused the Indian Shooting Federation of nepotism and corruption. He also brought to light the problems the shooters are facing. They are short of practice as they do not get bullets on time. Only those shooters who can afford it on their own make it big. But many people did not pay heed to him that time.
  Then came the Commonwealth Games in which India won 14 gold medals.
The nation was full of praise and accolades for our shooters. But only few cared to know that the Commonwealth Games standards were far lower than those at Asian Games. So, realistically speaking, no pundit would have hoped for a repeat of Commonwealth Games. But what disappointed was the failure of our top shooters like Abhinav Bindra,

catching the bird's eye- Sodhi

Gagan Narang etal. to win the yellow metal.Their performances indicated that they lacked practice after the Commonwealth games. Their scores at the games were far less what they were usually scoring at the practice sessions. This put fore the need for a psychologist as pointed out by Bindra. Only Ronjan Sodhi provided the yellow spark in the eyes of the Indian contingent. But even his performance was below his personal best and also below the level he shot to get a silver medal in the Commonwealth Games.

 The Shooting Federation of India didn’t pay attention either to the shooters after the Commonwealth Games. It was busy in taking pride for achieving the most successful medal haul,forgetting that a bigger challenge lay ahead. The federation is full of corrupt politicians with Digvijai Singh, a Rajya Sabha member, as its head. Most of the federation members know very little about the sport and its requirement. So they contribute very little in the growth of the game. Shooting being an expensive game requires government support which is lacking. Foreign coaches are needed. Efforts should be made to provide proper exposure to the shooters on the world arena. This will instill self-belief and the shooters will not be over-awed by the big stage.

China flexes its arms yet again

Vineet Tripathi

Last updated on November 24, 2010 20:10 IST

The Chinese fling surprises in a manner that the world feels aghast. They are inured to a way of life that is clouded by clandestine and surreptitious activities defying proper comprehension. The latest Chinese moves vis-à-vis India are its designs of constructing rail link touching the contentious border area of Arunachal Pradesh and construction of the world’s biggest dam on the river Brahmputra.

Apart from developing rail links in Tibetan areas which includes extension of the Lhasa rail link to Xigage near Tibet’s border with Nepal, China is simultaneously working on bringing its rail link right up to Nyangtri- located on the border with Arunachal Pradesh and an area which China claims as its own. This assertiveness on the part of China is sufficient to raise the eyebrows of Indian officials.

Nyangtri is also the site where the Brahmaputra is proposed to be diverted northwards by the Chinese. China proposes to build the largest dam in the world at this spot. Brahmputra rises in Lake Mansarovar in Tibet and enters India through The Great Bend near Nyangtri. By building this dam, China plans to divert 200 billion cusec meters of water every year to the cities of north eastern region of Shaanxi, Hebei, Beijing and Tianjin.

The Great Bend is the place where the Brahmputra takes a decisive turn and flows towards India. China proposes to build as many as six dams in addition to a dozen it has already constructed. Experts fear that construction of a dam on the middle reaches of Brahmputra at Zangmo in China may slowly turn biodiversity rich Assam and Arunachal Pradesh into semi-arid areas and deplete the ground water table. It may be mentioned here that India does not have any water sharing treaty with China in contrast to Pakistan.

Strategic affairs expert Brahma Chellaney describes the rail link to Nyangtri as a significant new development. “The building of railways in this area is significant for two reasons: China’s plan to construct the world’s largest dam at this place and also because it will strengthen China’s rapid military deployment ability in the eastern (Arunachal) sector. These issues are likely to figure prominently during the visit of Chinese premier Wen Jia Bao to India in the mid of next month. (December)

China’s focus on expanding its railways south of Lhasa is alarming also because of the reports that for the first time earlier this year ‘combat readiness material’ meant for the Chinese air force was transported to the region through the Tibetan rail link. The Chinese army recently reported that China conducted its first major parachute exercise in Tibet to demonstrate its capability to rapidly deploy troops on the world’s highest plateau.

The two Asian giants have a history of border disputes and other contentious issues. The two countries had fought a war also in 1962 on the Arunachal border issue which India lost. The relations between these countries since then have been of mistrust and suspicion. Recently, China vetoed an aid from the Asian Development Bank (ADB) to India for the development of Arunachal Pradesh.